American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics
Volume 125, Issue 6 , Pages 657-667 , June 2004

Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early class II treatment

  • J.F.Camilla Tulloch, BDS, FDS, DOrth

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to: Dr J. F. Camilla Tulloch, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, CB#7450, Brauer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA
    • ,
  • William R Proffit, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Ceib Phillips, PhD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Received 1 December 2003 ,Revised 1 February 2004

References 

  1. Keeling SD, Wheeler TT, King GJ, Garvan CW, Cohen DA, Cabassa S, et al.  Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:40–50
  2. Ghafari J, Shofer JS, Jacobsson-Hunt U, Markowitz DL, Laster LL. Headgear versus function regulator in the early treatment of Class II Division 1 malocclusion (a randomized clinical trial). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:51–61
  3. Ehmer U, Tulloch JFC, Proffit WR, Phillips C. An international comparison of early treatment of Angle Class II/1 cases (skeletal effects of the first phase of a prospective clinical trial). J Orofac Orthop/Fortschr Kieferorthop. 1999;60:392–408
  4. Wheeler TT, McGorray SP, Dolce C, Taylor MG, King GJ. Effectiveness of early treatment of Class II malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:9–17
  5. O'Brien KD, Wright J, Conboy F, Sanjie Y, Mandall N, Chadwick S, et al.  Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance (a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: dental and skeletal effects). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;124:234–243
  6. Tulloch JFC, Phillips C, Koch G, Proffit WR. The effect of early intervention on skeletal pattern in Class II malocclusion (a randomized clinical trial). Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;111:391–400
  7. Tulloch JFC, Proffit WR, Phillips C. Influences on the outcome of early treatment for Class II malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;111:533–542
  8. Fields HW, Proffit WR, Nixon WL, Phillips C, Stanek E. Facial pattern differences in long face children and adults. Am J Orthod. 1984;85:217–223
  9. SAS/STAT User's Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute; 2003
  10. Richmond S, Shaw WC, Roberts CD, Andrews M. The PAR index (peer assessment rating) (methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards). Eur J Orthod. 1992;14:180–187
  11. King GJ, McGorray SP, Wheeler TT, Dolce G, Taylor M. Comparison of peer assessment ratings (PAR) from 1-phase and 2-phase treatment protocols for Class II malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:489–496
  12. Moses LE. Assessing medical technologies. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1985; p. 70-9.
  13. McKnight MM, Daniels CP, Johnston LE. A retrospective study of two-stage treatment outcomes assessed with two modified PAR indices. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:521–524

☆ This project was supported by NIH grant DE-08708 from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and the Orthodontic Fund, Dental Foundation of North Carolina.

PII: S0889-5406(04)00160-X

doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.02.008

American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics
Volume 125, Issue 6 , Pages 657-667 , June 2004

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